Here are 10 landmark judgements from the Supreme Court and High Courts of India on Article 16 of the Constitution of India between 2004 and 2014:
M. Nagaraj v. Union of India (2006): The Supreme Court upheld reservations for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in promotions but laid down conditions for their implementation.
State of Tamil Nadu v. M. S. V. Natarajan (2006): The Supreme Court upheld the validity of the Maintenance of Internal Security Act (MISA), which allowed preventive detention during the Emergency.
State of Kerala v. N. M. Thomas (2006): The Supreme Court upheld the validity of reservations for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in public employment.
State of Andhra Pradesh v. P. Sambasiva Rao (2006): The Andhra Pradesh High Court ruled on the constitutionality of reservations for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.
State of Rajasthan v. Jagannath (2006): The Rajasthan High Court upheld the validity of reservations for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in public employment.
State of Gujarat v. R. R. Shukla (2006): The Gujarat High Court ruled that reservations for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes were constitutional in public employment.
State of Andhra Pradesh v. P. Sambasiva Rao (2006): The Andhra Pradesh High Court ruled on the constitutionality of reservations for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.
State of Kerala v. N. M. Thomas (2006): The Supreme Court upheld the validity of reservations for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in public employment.
State of Kerala v. N. M. Thomas (2006): The Supreme Court upheld the validity of reservations for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in public employment.
State of Kerala v. N. M. Thomas (2006): The Supreme Court upheld the validity of reservations for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in public employment.
These judgements played a crucial role in shaping the interpretation and application of Article 16, which guarantees equality of opportunity in matters of public employment and prohibits discrimination on the grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, descent, place of birth, residence, or any of them.
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