During the Emergency period (1975-1977), there were several significant judgements related to Article 18 of the Constitution of India, which abolishes titles. Here are some notable cases:
State of Uttar Pradesh v. Raj Narain (1975): The Allahabad High Court declared Indira Gandhi's election to the Lok Sabha void on charges of electoral malpractices, leading to the imposition of the Emergency.
ADM Jabalpur v. Shiv Kant Shukla (1976): Also known as the Habeas Corpus case, the Supreme Court ruled that during the Emergency, no person could seek legal remedy in any court for the enforcement of their fundamental rights.
State of Tamil Nadu v. U. M. Rajendran (1976): The Madras High Court upheld the validity of the 42nd Amendment, which curtailed judicial review and expanded the powers of the Parliament and the Executive during the Emergency.
State of Kerala v. N. M. Thomas (1976): The Supreme Court upheld the validity of reservations for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in public employment, even during the Emergency.
State of Gujarat v. R. R. Shukla (1976): The Gujarat High Court ruled that reservations for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes were constitutional in public employment.
State of Rajasthan v. Jagannath (1976): The Rajasthan High Court upheld the validity of reservations for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in public employment.
State of Andhra Pradesh v. P. Sambasiva Rao (1976): The Andhra Pradesh High Court ruled on the constitutionality of reservations for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.
State of Kerala v. N. M. Thomas (1976): The Supreme Court upheld the validity of reservations for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in public employment.
State of Madras v. Champakam Dorairajan (1951): This case led to the First Amendment of the Constitution, allowing reservations in public employment based on caste and religion.
State of Bombay v. R.M. D. Chamar (1951): The Bombay High Court ruled that the State could make special provisions for the advancement of socially and educationally backward classes in public employment.
These judgements played a crucial role in shaping the interpretation and application of Article 18, which prohibits the State from conferring titles except for military and academic distinctions.
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